These products are essentially the same, especially in regards to their main selling point: not containing sugar. A study found that a second cup of coffee produced no further benefits unless it was consumed at least 8 hours after the first cup ( 9).

Drinking or eating caffeine when taking other drugs can be unpredictable and increase your risk of harm. Caffeine and medicines You may have noticed that you need to urinate frequently when you drink more coffee or tea than usual. From there, it travels to the liver and is broken down into compounds that can affect the function of various organs. Smoking tobacco increases caffeine clearance by 56%. [156] Cigarette smoking induces the cytochrome P450 1A2 enzyme that breaks down caffeine, which may lead to increased caffeine tolerance and coffee consumption for regular smokers. [157] Birth control Global coffee consumption, 2020/21". Statista. Archived from the original on 3 March 2021 . Retrieved 10 March 2021.According to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), cases of very high caffeine intake (e.g. > 5 g) may result in caffeine intoxication with symptoms including mania, depression, lapses in judgment, disorientation, disinhibition, delusions, hallucinations or psychosis, and rhabdomyolysis. [140] Energy drinks Regular consumption of caffeine may protect people from liver cirrhosis. [129] It was also found to slow the progression of liver disease in people who already have the condition, reduce the risk of liver fibrosis, and offer a protective effect against liver cancer among moderate coffee drinkers. A study conducted in 2017 found that the effects of caffeine from coffee consumption on the liver were observed regardless of how the drink was prepared. [130] Caffeine's biological half-life– the time required for the body to eliminate one-half of a dose– varies widely among individuals according to factors such as pregnancy, other drugs, liver enzyme function level (needed for caffeine metabolism) and age. In healthy adults, caffeine's half-life is between 3 and 7hours. [8] The half-life is decreased by 30-50% in adult male smokers, approximately doubled in women taking oral contraceptives, and prolonged in the last trimester of pregnancy. [126] In newborns the half-life can be 80hours or more, dropping very rapidly with age, possibly to less than the adult value by age 6 months. [126] The antidepressant fluvoxamine (Luvox) reduces the clearance of caffeine by more than 90%, and increases its elimination half-life more than tenfold; from 4.9hours to 56hours. [187] Much of the research into the effects of caffeine has only looked at coffee. We still don’t know much about other caffeine containing foods and drinks. Mixing caffeine with alcohol and other drugs People with existing medical conditions, such as high blood pressure, may be more sensitive to caffeine. This can make a normal amount of caffeine more dangerous. If you have an existing medical condition, it’s a good idea to eat or drink less caffeine.

a b c Burchfield G (1997). Meredith H (ed.). "What's your poison: caffeine". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 26 July 2009 . Retrieved 15 January 2014. A 14-year study in 1,685 middle-aged adults did not find any association between diet soda intake and an increased risk of prediabetes ( 18).

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Caffeine can also interact with other stimulants such as cocaine and methamphetamine. It can increase your risk of problems such as an abnormal health rate or heart rhythm. How can I reduce my caffeine intake? Mate is a drink popular in many parts of South America. Its preparation consists of filling a gourd with the leaves of the South American holly yerba mate, pouring hot but not boiling water over the leaves, and drinking with a straw, the bombilla, which acts as a filter so as to draw only the liquid and not the yerba leaves. [234] Gaudiya Vaishnavas generally also abstain from caffeine, because they believe it clouds the mind and overstimulates the senses. [284] To be initiated under a guru, one must have had no caffeine, alcohol, nicotine or other drugs, for at least a year. [285] In addition, high intake may increase the likelihood of developing incontinence in people with healthy bladders. On the other hand, many human intervention studies indicate that the use of artificial sweeteners is either neutral or beneficial for weight management.