The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Publisher’s note A performance lotion that is applied pre-workout to the muscles to help any athlete realise greater success and personal sporting achievements

Methods: We measured the pH from intramuscular dialysate, via microdialysis, of the vastus lateralis during a 2h application of PR Lotion (40g of lotion per leg) in 9 subjects (3 women, 6 men). Venous blood samples were obtained for serum pH before and after application. A placebo time control was also performed in 4 subjects (2 women, 2 men). We hypothesized that PR Lotion application would increase pH of intramuscular dialysate.Maughan, R.J., et al., IOC consensus statement: dietary supplements and the high-performance athlete. Br J Sports Med, 2018. 52(7): p. 439-455. Comments deemed to be spam or solely promotional in nature will be deleted. Including a link to relevant content is permitted, but comments should be relevant to the post topic. The challenge with oral supplementation or ingestion of sodium bicarbonate is absorption and delivery through the gut without significant gastrointestinal distress. A well-known side effect for athletes who ingest sodium bicarbonate before competition or training can be significant GI distress. It is common for athletes to feel nausea, bloating, have diarrhea, or have significant stomach “cramping” when consuming sodium bicarbonate before workouts or competition.

PR Lotion is the first and only topical lotion to deliver sodium bicarbonate directly through the skin. This enhances the buffering capacity of the body and the muscle while circumventing the potentially debilitating GI distress. In addition, PR Lotion removes much of the complexity required in pre-exercise ingestion protocol or strategies. In contrast to ingested sodium bicarbonate, there is little need for athletes to incorporate tedious pre-exercise protocols, strategies, or routines to combat negative side effects. This makes PR Lotion a very practical solution for delivering the performance benefits of sodium bicarbonate and a very scalable solution for athletes to use regularly during training and competition. PR Lotion effectively eliminates all problems associated with the ingestion of sodium bicarbonate, while providing athletes with the benefits described in over 40 years of sodium bicarbonate research.

According to one study, participants experienced a 53.5% reduction in post-workout DOMS and a heart rate that was 3.1% lower than the control group. Dr. Jason Siegler (University of Western Australia) examined the effect of PR Lotion on blood lactate concentration and performance outcomes with repeated 30 second cycling intervals at 120% of peak power (30 second rest) to exhaustion. A similar rise in blood lactate levels was observed compared to oral sodium bicarbonate ingestion (standard dose of 0.3g/kg body weight). Although the study did not observe the typical increase in blood bicarbonate (or increase in blood pH) usually associated with sodium bicarbonate ingestion, the results suggest PR Lotion was as effective as ingesting sodium bicarbonate at buffering H+ production in the muscle at high intensities. Furthermore, the cyclists performed similarly (defined by cumulative cycling time) compared to oral sodium bicarbonate ingestion. Similar performance outcomes, combined with the observation that blood lactate values were similar, suggests PR Lotion is an effective ergogenic aid during high intensity or repeated bouts of high intensity exercise. PR Lotion is a tool for the human body that delivers bicarbonate directly to your hardest working muscle groups. Bicarbonate is what your body naturally produces to neutralize acid, battle fatigue and reduce soreness. More bicarbonate means the ability to do more–more work, more results and more days doing what you love. The results presented in the current work are presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation. We would like to thank the subjects who cheerfully participated in this research study. Momentous provided the PR Lotion and placebo control lotion for this research. Conflict of interest The raw data supporting the conclusion of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation. Ethics statement

All study visits were held in the morning hours and subjects were asked to arrive to the laboratory wearing typical exercise clothing, shorts and a t-shirt, having abstained from food for the 2h preceding testing, caffeine for 6h, alcohol for 12h, and strenuous exercise for 24h. Upon arrival at the laboratory, a urine sample was collected to screen for pregnancy (if applicable). Subjects were instrumented in the supine position with an antecubital intravenous catheter for blood sampling, 3-lead electrocardiogram, and intramuscular microdialysis probe in the vastus lateralis for interstitial sampling. Once the probe was placed, 90min was allowed for resolution of placement trauma prior to collection of baseline samples for blood and dialysate. Room temperature remained thermoneutral (∼23°C) throughout the study. BW holds equity in Momentous and has served as a scientific advisor to Momentous; BW stands to financially benefit from the success of Momentous’ products; BW has engaged in this research for and is publishing on behalf of Momentous. JH has received a research contract from Momentous; the University of Oregon remains Halliwill’s primary place of employment and all research are attributed to the University of Oregon. Brandon M. Gibson Karen Wiedenfeld Needham Brendan W. Kaiser Brad W. Wilkins Christopher T. Minson John R. Halliwill* Following baseline sampling, in the primary study, 40g of PR Lotion (Momentous, Park City, UT, United States) was applied by an investigative team member over the entire surface area of each leg from ankle to groin. As PR Lotion is 33% sodium bicarbonate, a total of 26.4g of sodium bicarbonate were applied. For the follow-up placebo control study, 40g of a placebo version of PR Lotion, which included all the ingredients of PR Lotion except for sodium bicarbonate, was applied to each leg.

Acknowledgments

The lotion comprises 33% sodium bicarbonate and this active ingredient, when absorbed into the muscles, neutralises the high levels of burning, fatigue-inducing lactic acid that is produced during intense and enduring exercise. By managing the acidity levels in the muscles, research has shown this lotion to increase training capacity, improve muscle efficiency and lower soreness post-exercise. When reviewing products, I always try to have an open mind and no preconceived notions of whether it's going to be any good or not. With the PR Lotion, I couldn't help but feel that it had the potential to be snake oil with some rather large claims and marketing jargon such as it being the 'pro's secret weapon'. However, having used it for the second half of the race season, it has impressed me, with too many good power numbers to just be a coincidence. What is it? Comments containing language or concepts that could be deemed offensive will be deleted. Note this may include abusive, threatening, pornographic, offensive, misleading or libelous language. Now, if I was doing specific interval workouts I might find that I can complete those intervals with less suffering. But in my typical training ride situation (competitive outdoor group rides or indoor Zwift races) this means I just go harder and set new personal bests. As expected, only using the lotion on my lower muscles, I got nearer the upper number of applications from the bottle – 14, to be precise.