Schultz, Forrest W. (1 December 2002). "Christian Typologies in The Lord of the Rings". Chalcedon . Retrieved 26 March 2020. In 1965, the songwriter Donald Swann, best known for his collaboration with Michael Flanders as Flanders & Swann, set six poems from The Lord of the Rings and one from The Adventures of Tom Bombadil ("Errantry") to music. When Swann met with Tolkien to play the songs for his approval, Tolkien suggested for " Namárië" (Galadriel's lament) a setting reminiscent of plain chant, which Swann accepted. [137] The songs were published in 1967 as The Road Goes Ever On: A Song Cycle, [138] and a recording of the songs performed by singer William Elvin with Swann on piano was issued that same year by Caedmon Records as Poems and Songs of Middle Earth. [139] Carpenter 1981, letter #178 to Allen & Unwin, 12 December 1955, and #303 to Nicholas Thomas, 6 May 1968

Higgins, Andrew (2014). "Tolkien's Poetry (2013), edited by Julian Eilmann and Allan Turner". Journal of Tolkien Research. 1 (1). Article 4. Archived from the original on 1 August 2019 . Retrieved 15 May 2020. a b c Doughan, David. "J. R. R. Tolkien: A Biographical Sketch". TolkienSociety.org. Archived from the original on 3 March 2006 . Retrieved 16 June 2006. Tolkien, J. R. R. (1954a). The Fellowship of the Ring. The Lord of the Rings. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. OCLC 9552942. book 2, ch. 1 "Many Meetings"

Toys

The Return of the King was especially delayed as Tolkien revised the ending and prepared appendices (some of which had to be left out because of space constraints). Tolkien did not like the title The Return of the King, believing it gave away too much of the storyline, but deferred to his publisher's preference. [52] Tolkien wrote that the title The Two Towers "can be left ambiguous", [T 12] but considered naming the two as Orthanc and Barad-dûr, Minas Tirith and Barad-dûr, or Orthanc and the Tower of Cirith Ungol. [T 13] However, a month later he wrote a note published at the end of The Fellowship of the Ring and later drew a cover illustration, both of which identified the pair as Minas Morgul and Orthanc. [53] [54]

Hooker, Mark T. (2006). "The Feigned-manuscript Topos". A Tolkienian Mathomium: a collection of articles on J. R. R. Tolkien and his legendarium. Llyfrawr. pp.176–177. ISBN 978-1-4382-4631-4. Bratman, David (2013) [2007]. "Parodies". In Drout, Michael D. C. (ed.). The J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia. Routledge. pp.503–504. ISBN 978-0-415-86511-1. Outside commercial exploitation from adaptations, from the late 1960s onwards there has been an increasing variety of original licensed merchandise, with posters and calendars created by illustrators such as Barbara Remington. [152] Volume I: Prologue, The Ring Sets Out, The Ring Goes South; Volume II: The Treason of Isengard, The Ring Goes East; Volume III: The War of the Ring, The End of the Third Age, Appendices A–F. Beginning with Bilbo’s fateful visit from Gandalf and culminating in the dramatic climax between Frodo and Gollum atop Mount Doom and Bilbo’s departure to the Grey Havens!

Scholars and critics have identified many themes in the book with its complex interlaced narrative, including a reversed quest, [34] [35] the struggle of good and evil, [36] death and immortality, [37] fate and free will, [38] the addictive danger of power, [39] and various aspects of Christianity such as the presence of three Christ figures, for prophet, priest, and king, as well as elements like hope and redemptive suffering. [40] [41] [42] [43] a b Reynolds, Pat. "The Lord of the Rings: The Tale of a Text". The Tolkien Society. Archived from the original on 8 September 2006. Wood, Ralph C. (2003). The Gospel According to Tolkien. Westminster John Knox Press. pp. 2-4. ISBN 978-0-664-23466-9. Savigneau, Josyane (15 October 1999). "Écrivains et choix sentimentaux"[Authors and sentimental choices]. Le Monde (in French). Archived from the original on 27 May 2012. Book I: The Ring Sets Out [ edit ] Gandalf proves that Frodo's Ring is the One Ring by throwing it into Frodo's fireplace, revealing the hidden text of the Rhyme of the Rings.

Tolkien, J. R. R. (2004). The Lord of the Rings 50th Anniversary Edition. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-261-10320-7.The Lord of the Rings Der Herr der Ringe Symphony No. 1 Sinfonie Nr. 1". Rundel . Retrieved 2 August 2020.