PLP is required for the conversion of tryptophan to niacin, so low vitamin B 6 status impairs this conversion. [15] The classic clinical syndrome for vitamin B 6 deficiency is a seborrhoeic dermatitis-like eruption, atrophic glossitis with ulceration, angular cheilitis, conjunctivitis, intertrigo, abnormal electroencephalograms, microcytic anemia (due to impaired heme synthesis), and neurological symptoms of somnolence, confusion, depression, and neuropathy (due to impaired sphingosine synthesis). [1] IUPAC-IUB commission on biochemical nomenclature (CBN). Nomenclature for vitamins B-6 and related compounds. Recommendations 1973". European Journal of Biochemistry. 40 (2): 325–327. 1973-12-17. ISSN 0014-2956. PMID 4781383. Zou E, Shi X, Zhang G, Li Z, Jin C, Su W (November 2013). "Improved "Oxazole" Method for the Practical and Efficient Preparation of Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B 6)". Org Process Res Dev. 17 (12): 1498–502. doi: 10.1021/op4001687. A study in 342 women in their first 17 weeks of pregnancy found that a daily supplement of 30 mg of vitamin B6 significantly reduced feelings of nausea after five days of treatment, compared to a placebo ( 28).

Another study compared the impact of ginger and vitamin B6 on reducing episodes of nausea and vomiting in 126 pregnant women. The results showed that taking 75 mg of B6 each day decreased nausea and vomiting symptoms by 31% after four days ( 29). a b c d e f g h Da Silva VR, Gregory III JF (2020). "Vitamin B6". In BP Marriott, DF Birt, VA Stallings, AA Yates (eds.). Present Knowledge in Nutrition, Eleventh Edition. London, United Kingdom: Academic Press (Elsevier). pp.225–38. ISBN 978-0-323-66162-1.a b Schorgg P, Bärnighausen T, Rohrmann S, Cassidy A, Karavasiloglou N, Kühn T (May 2021). "Vitamin B6 Status among Vegetarians: Findings from a Population-Based Survey". Nutrients. 13 (5): 1627. doi: 10.3390/nu13051627. PMC 8150266. PMID 34066199.

A case study in a 72-year-old woman with anemia due to low B6 found that treatment with the most active form of vitamin B6 improved symptoms ( 22). Johansson, M; Relton, C; Ueland, PM; Vollset, SE; Midttun, Ø (June 2010). "Serum B Vitamin Levels and Risk of Lung Cancer". JAMA. 303 (23): 2377–85. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.808. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 20551408. A randomized controlled trial in over 400 adults with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s found that high doses of B6, B12 and folate decreased homocysteine levels but did not slow decline in brain function compared to a placebo ( 17). A controlled two-year study in approximately 300 older men who did not have depression at the start found that those taking a supplement with B6, folate (B9) and B12 were not less likely to have depressive symptoms compared to the placebo group ( 12).

Nhập ngày dự sinh hoặc tuần thai

While it appears that high doses of vitamin B6 supplements may provide anti-inflammatory benefits for people with rheumatoid arthritis over time, more research is needed. A three-month study in over 60 premenopausal women found that taking 50 mg of vitamin B6 daily improved PMS symptoms of depression, irritability and tiredness by 69% ( 23). Taking more than 1,000 mg of supplemental B6 a day may cause nerve damage and pain or numbness in the hands or feet. Some of these side effects have even been documented after just 100–300 mg of B6 per day ( 49). Harada K (2016). "食品中の機能性成分解析"[Analysis of Functional Ingredients in Foods]. Bunseki Kagaku (in Japanese). The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry. 65 (6): 309–319. doi: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.65.309. ISSN 0525-1931.

As of 2019, fourteen countries require food fortification of wheat flour, maize flour or rice with vitamin B 6 as pyridoxine hydrochloride. Most of these are in southeast Africa or Central America. The amounts stipulated range from 3.0 to 6.5mg/kg. An additional seven countries, including India, have a voluntary fortification program. India stipulates 2.0mg/kg. [31] Dietary supplements [ edit ] In 2010, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) published a review of proposed health claims for vitamin B 6, disallowing claims for bone, teeth, hair skin and nails, and allowing claims that the vitamin provided for normal homocysteine metabolism, normal energy-yielding metabolism, normal psychological function, reduced tiredness and fatigue, and provided for normal cysteine synthesis. [36]PLP is an essential component of enzymes that facilitate the biosynthesis of sphingolipids. [15] Particularly, the synthesis of ceramide requires PLP. In this reaction, serine is decarboxylated and combined with palmitoyl-CoA to form sphinganine, which is combined with a fatty acyl-CoA to form dihydroceramide. This compound is then further desaturated to form ceramide. In addition, the breakdown of sphingolipids is also dependent on vitamin B 6 because sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase, the enzyme responsible for breaking down sphingosine-1-phosphate, is also PLP-dependent. Some drugs when used together with Magne B6 can affect the therapeutic effect of the drug or vice versa.